Your parents are originally from Scotland. What took your family to South Africa when you were young?

Over the past 2 decades the survival of pediatric patients after surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) has consistently improved, with in-hospital mortality rates now routinely below 3%. With this advance more children are now surviving and presenting as young adults with both historical and more contemporary repairs and therefore with both anticipated and completely unanticipated complications.

Surgical developments

Dr Jasmine Grewal	Dr Marla Kiess

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References

Complications in adult congenital heart disease (CHD) include pregnancy-related cardio-vascular disease (CVD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and arrhythmias. Patients with these complications can benefit from a variety of treatments and management approaches. They can also benefit from advances in diagnostic imaging.