UBC research examines living well while dying
A University of British Columbia professor in the Faculty of Health and Social Development, School of Nursing, Kelowna, has determined that people diagnosed with terminal cancer—who have hope, positivity, and family support—are able to live well during the advanced stage of the disease.
Carole Robinson, professor emeritus with the UBC Okanagan School of Nursing, recently published a paper with co-authors explaining the process of living well with an awareness of dying. Robinson notes that globally there are 14.1 million new cancer cases diagnosed each year, 8.2 million cancer deaths, and 32.6 million people living with cancer. Historically, researchers have studied the concept of living well with a chronic illness, but not specifically cancer. Robinson says those studies convey the idea it may be possible to live well with advanced cancer, but little is known about how it is done or how to support it.
The study analyzed 22 interviews with Spanish adults involved in previous research that explored their experience of living with advanced cancer. The researchers found the participants engaged in a five-phase iterative process: struggling, accepting, living with advanced cancer, sharing the illness experience, and reconstructing life. This process revolved around participants’ awareness of dying, which differed from people living with chronic illness, and was a unique aspect of this new research.
Each phase was revisited and, as the disease advanced, living well got more challenging. Participants talked about strategies for living with advanced cancer, including making life adjustments, maintaining a positive attitude, normalizing, and hoping.
Over time, participants realized struggling against the disease created additional difficulties. They understood it was counterproductive so they made a conscious choice to let go of struggling. Some referred to it as being the only choice they could make while living with the uncertainty of advanced cancer. This enabled accepting their life circumstances at some level and learning to live alongside their illness.
Robinson says that the importance of family love and support cannot be underestimated. For all the participants, she adds, awareness of dying led them to focus on living well. Sharing the experience with loved ones softened suffering remarkably. They were aware they did not have time to lose. Robinson says the key takeaways to living well encompass a balance between dependence and independence, being able to see the positive, and maintaining hope even in the end stages of the disease.
The study, “People with advanced cancer: The process of living well with awareness of dying,” was published in Qualitative Health Research. It is available online at https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1049732318816298.
