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When vitamin supplementation leads to harm: The growing popularity of biotin and its impact on laboratory testing

A 54-year-old female was being assessed for thyroid dysfunction following self-reported symptoms of weight gain and lethargy. The patient had no neck tenderness and exhibited no symptoms of goiter. Past medical history... Read More

Primer on mitochondrial disease: Biochemistry, genetics, and epidemiology

Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that make energy through processes requiring oxygen. Primordial eukaryotic cells were initially anaerobic before they developed a symbiotic relationship with bacteria that could... Read More

Mitochondrial disease clinical manifestations: An overview

Mitochondrial diseases are het­er­ogeneous and multifaceted, and can present at any age. Clinical features may range from an acute life-threatening metabolic derangement to intermittent or episodic crises with partial... Read More

Diagnosis and management of patients with mitochondrial disease

Mitochondrial disease is a clinically heterogeneous, often multisystem disorder that can present from birth to old age. Diag­nosis is complex and requires the integration of information obtained by history, laboratory... Read More